Dragon fruit
Cactus family a mi an ni a, Pitaya emaw Pitahaya ti tein an ko bawk. An zam(running) a, a rah hi a thlum a, a rih zawng hi 150 - 600 g a ni. A rah hi rawng hrang hrang a sen-dang, a eng, a sen, a hring te leh a sen-duk te an awm.
Khawi ramah te nge an chin tam?
Asia khawmualpui chhimchhak (southeast Asia), US rama Florida, Caribbean, Australia ah te leh Mesoamerica-ah te an ching na sa. Tin, Israel, Thailand, Vietnam leh Australia ramah te hian eizawn nana hmang an tam hle bawk.
Eng sik leh sa nge a mamawh?
Tropical leh Sub-tropical hmunah an awm a. An mamawh tawk tui hnianghnar an hmuh chuan sik leh sa hrang hrangah pawh an thanglian thei tho mai. A tlangpuiin tenperature 21 - 29°C an ngeih ber a, Mizoram sik leh sa nen pawh a inhmeh hle awm e. Tin, he mi piahlam 38-40°C leh 0°C velah pawh reilote chhung chu an awm thei tho bawk.
Eng lei(soil) nge an ngeih?
Lei ro (well drained) zawi muang - muang lutuk lo leh rang lutuk lo a - tui hip theiah an thang tha ber a. Tin lei tha pek an ngeih leh zual.
Engtik hunah nge a rah thin?
A par atanga thla khat hnu a hring atanga a sen-dang a an inthlak hnu hian a ei theih tan a. Phun atanga thla 12 - 15 hnuah an par thin a, nipui laiin rah an chhuah thin. A rah hun chhung hi october atanga april thleng a ni thei bawk.
Engtia chin tur nge?
A chi tuh hi hun a duh rei avangin a puitling tawhsa atanga 30-35 cm vela sei tan chhum a, phun hi a tihpun na atan chuam a duhawm zawk a ni. Hriat tur chu, a zar tan chhum tawh sa hi phun nghal loh tur. Phum hmain kan tan chhumna hliamte a dam fel hun nghah nan hmun roah karkhat vel chu dah hmasak tur.
Heng phun hmabak te hi zung an kaih hmain nikhatah darkar 5 - 10 ni zung an hmu tur a ni, tui an mamawh lem lova, tlemte a tawk reng, tin, leitha telh tur a ni.
Zung a lo kaih hnuah, kan phunna tur hmunah 30cm vela thukah lei tha telin phun tur a ni a, thlakhat hnuah leitha pek leh tur a ni.
A thanlenna kawngah eng nge tih ngai?
An zamna turin ban an phun mai thin a, eizawn nan taka hmang phei chuan cement ban an hmang bawk a ni. An zam chhoh lai hian, a zamna atana ban phun ler thlenga an than chhoh hma chuan a sira lo zam darh ho hi tan chhum zel a, heng a zar kan sah thlak te hi a phun nun leh mai theih a, tih punna tha tak a ni nghal bawk.
Kum khat chhungin heng ban phun chungah hian zar 20 te an awm hman a, kum li hnuah pheu chuan zar 80 atanga 100 thleng te pawh an awm thei. Mumal taka a zar tan chhum hian a rah quality a ti tha thei a ni.
Zung an kai thuk lo a, a zung thenkhat chu lei chungah a tai darh bawk. A tlangpuiin lei tha leh lei pangngai chawhpawlh hi an tih dan ber a ni.
A rawn par tan tirh hma leh a rah lai hian ni zung mumal taka hmuh tir tur a ni.
Lei ro lutuk hnuaia an thanlen loh nan a khat tawka tui pek a tha. An rah hunlai a tui tam dan bithliah awmlo leh mumallo, entirnan, a changa lei ro emaw a changa huh angah te hian an rah hi a puak emaw a inthen (splitting) duh.
Kum khatah vawikhat leitha pek hi an tih dan ber a ni.
Dragon frui hi a hrisel em?
Thei hrisel tak a ni. Calorie a pai tlem a, chaw tha (nutrients) hrang hrang a pai a, iron, magnesium leh fiber a pai hnem. Tin, antioxidants hrang hrang a pai bawk.
Heng antioxidants, iron, magnesium leh fiber te a pai tam avangin kan taksa tan a pawimawhna te lo sawi ila.
Antioxidants pawimawhna -
Kan timur (cell) chhe tur a veng. Antioxidant te hi molecule/substance an ni a, kan taksa chhungah hian free radical te an bei thin, hei vang hian free radical scavengers an ti thin bawk. Free radical te hi an tam lutuk chuan kan taksa tan a hlauhawm a, heng diabetes, lung natna leh cancer te an thlen thei. Free radicals te hi thil thalo hlawm hlak an ni bik lova, tangkaina tam tak an nei ve bawk, taksa a natna hrik dotu kan immune cells te hian natna hrik lo lut(infection) te beih nan free radicals te hi an hmang tangkai a ni. Chuvangin antioxidant leh free radical te hi balance takin an awm angai tihna a ni. Kan taksa hian free radicals te lo check tu tur antioxidant a pai sa hrim hrim bawk. Antioxidant hrang hrang an awm a, heng Vitamin E leh C te hi antioxidant chak tak an ni.
Iron pawimawhna -
Kan cell zawng zawng hian iron an pai vek a, a tam zawk hi kan thisen (RBC) ah an awm. RBC te hian kan chuap atangin taksa peng hrang hrangah oxygen a thawn darh chum chum thin a ni. Chuvangin kan taksain Iron a tlakchham chuan kan thisenah RBC a tlem anga, RBC a tlem chuan kan taksa peng hrang hranga boruak tha thawn darh a chak thei dawnlo a ni. Tichuan kan thisenah chuan mur sen RBC te chu an lo tlem anga kan lo dawldang (anaemia) dawn a ni.
Anaemia symptoms tlem lo sawi lawk ang hmiang - luhai, taksa chaklo, chau, thluak sawrbing theilohna te an ni.
Hriat atana tha chu, Iron kan taksain a mamawh aia tam a pai chuan nakinah a hman theih turin kan taksaah a in dah tha thin.
Anaemia thlentu chu engte nge ni ang?
(i.) Hmeichhia an period lai (menstruation) hian rei tak emaw tam tak thisen a chhuahin
(ii.) Inhliam avanga thisen chhuakte leh thisen pek tein.
Chuvang chuan mipa aiin hmeichhia hian Iron an mamawhna a sang zawk a ni.
Magnesium pawimawhna -
- Taksa hriselna atan leh thluak tan a pawimawh.
- Taksa a magnesium awm zawng zawng 60% te hi kan ruhah an awm a, a dang hi tihrawl (muscle), soft tissue leh fluids(thisen telin) ah te an awm. Anihna takah chuan kan cell zawng zawng te hian an hnathawhna kawngah magnesium an mamawh a ni.
- Magnesium hnapui ber pakhat chu taksa chhunga biochemical reaction tam tak englai pawha perform thin enzyme te puitu molecule (cofactor or helper molecule) a ni. Kan taksaah hian chemical reaction hi a sang tel aia tam teh meuh hi a thleng mup mup reng a ni.
- Sawi tawh angin magnesium hian kan thluak hnathawh leh kan mood awm danah hna pawimawh a thawk a, magnesium kan tlakchham chuan depression neih theihna chance a sang an ti bawk.
- Tin, magnesium ei nasa te tan zunthlum - type 2 diabetes neih theihna chance a hniam.
Fiber pawimawhna -
- Fiber mamawh tawk lakluh hian chaw paitawih naah a pui a, natna awh rei chi (chronic disease) heng cancer, lung natna leh zun thlum lakah te a veng bawk.
- Kan taksaah hian bacteria an awm teuh a, vunah, ka chhungah, hnarah leh a tam ber chu chaw kalkawng (gut) a bikin kan rilpui (large intestine) ah an awm a ni. Kan hriat atan, bacteria zawng zawng hi an hlauhawm vek lova, taksa tana hna tangkai thawk thin bacteria an awm a, heng bacteria te hian fiber hi an chawlakna pawimawh tak a ni.
Engtiangin nge bacteria te chu an tangkai kan tih chuan taksain a maha a tih theihloh te bacteria te hian anlo thawk thin a, chaw tha (nutrients) an siam chhuak a, chung zingah chuan short chain fatty acid entirnan acetate, propionate leh butyrate te an ni a, hengte hian chaw kawnga harsatna/natna hrang hrang awm thin entirnan, irritable bowel syndrome (pum nuamlo, kawthalo, ek khal), Crohn's disease (he natna hian pumna, kawthalo, anaemia, rihna tlahniam leh chauhna te a thlen thin) leh ulcerative colitis (hei pawh hian pumna leh ek thi te a thlen) lakah a veng thin a ni. Tin, heng bacteria te hian fiber te anlo eitawih (ferment) hnuah gas kan pum chhungah a lo insiam ta thin a, chuvang ania fiber pai tam kan ei tam chuan kawpuar (flatulence) leh pum nuamlo kanlo nei thin, mahse a rei hnuah a reh ve leh mai.
- Fiber thenkhat chuan kan chaw chakna (appetite) ti nepin taksa rihna tih hniam kawngah a pui. Anihna takah chuan fiber kan ei tam hian kan calorie lakluh te amahin(automatic) a ti hniam a chu chuan rihna a tlak hniam tir thin a ni.
- Fiber hian carbohydrate pai tam thlai emaw ei leh in kan ei avanga blood sugar sang vak tur a ti hniam thei. He thil hi a pawimawh, a chhan chu, carb pai tam ei leh in ilo ei nasat chuan, heng fiber te hian blood sugar level lo sang vak tur a ti hniam a, chuvagin blood sugar kaihhnawih natna neite tan carb pai tam piah lamah a bikin fiber pai tlem ei leh in te chu ei tamloh tur a ni.
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